Hieronymus of Rhodes was a philosopher of the 3rd century BCE during the Hellenistic period. A member of the Peripatetic school founded by Aristotle, he was a contemporary of figures like Arcesilaus and Lyco, with the height of his activity falling around the 270s and 260s BCE.

None of his writings survive intact; they are known only through fragments and references in later authors. Modern scholarship indicates he wrote on a range of subjects. One significant work was On Suspense of Judgement, which engaged with major epistemological debates of his time. He also wrote on ethical topics, with a work titled On Lack of Anger.

His philosophical views reflect the influence of contemporary debates. He defined the highest good as "freedom from disturbance and pain," a view that marks a notable shift from Aristotle’s teachings and aligns more closely with other Hellenistic schools of thought. Some fragments also suggest he wrote biographical or historical notes.

Hieronymus is historically important for illustrating the diversity and adaptation within the Peripatetic school after Aristotle. His engagement with Skeptic and Epicurean ideas demonstrates the active cross-pollination between philosophical traditions in the Hellenistic era. The surviving fragments of his work provide crucial evidence for this dynamic period in ancient thought.