Tryphon the Grammarian, often called "the Younger," was a Greek scholar active during the 2nd century CE under Roman rule. He worked within the Alexandrian grammatical tradition, which emphasized the technical analysis of the Greek language. While his personal biography is unknown, fragments of his scholarly treatises survive. His known works include On Accents, concerning pronunciation; On Orthography, on correct spelling; and On Affections, which likely addressed changes in word forms. Later sources attribute other works to him, such as on dialects, though these attributions are less certain.

Tryphon's importance stems from his role as a representative grammarian of his time. His technical writings helped systematize the study of Greek grammar and contributed to a lasting scholarly tradition. Considered an authority for centuries, he is frequently cited by later Byzantine scholars and lexicographers. The surviving fragments of his work remain valuable sources for understanding the history of linguistic science in antiquity.