Sosicrates of Rhodes was a Greek historian who lived during the 2nd century BCE. No details of his personal life survive. His chronological placement is secured by his citation in later works, most notably Diogenes Laërtius's 3rd-century CE Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. He is a distinct figure from the historian Socrates of Rhodes.

He is known for a single, lost work titled the Successions of Philosophers. This doxographical history organized philosophers into schools based on intellectual lineage. It served as a major source for Diogenes Laërtius, who cites it frequently.

Sosicrates's significance lies in his role as a source for later historians of philosophy. His Successions was a standard reference in antiquity, transmitting biographical and doctrinal information. Though fragmentary, his work is crucial for understanding Hellenistic philosophical biography and historiography.