Philo of Alexandria the Elder was a Hellenistic Jewish epic poet who lived in Alexandria, Egypt, during the late first century BCE or early first century CE. He is distinguished from the philosopher Philo Judaeus by the epithet "the Elder."

His sole known work is the Greek hexameter epic On Jerusalem. Only fragments survive, preserved in quotations by Origen and Porphyry. The poem recast biblical history, including the stories of Abraham and Joseph, in Homeric style.

Philo the Elder is a significant early example of a Jewish author employing Greek epic form to express Jewish scripture and history. His work exemplifies the cultural synthesis of the Jewish diaspora in Alexandria. The fragments provide valuable evidence for this literary interaction and were later cited in debates about biblical chronology.