The Paean Collection Anonymous refers to a group of fifth-century BCE choral hymns, or paeans, primarily addressed to Apollo and performed in ritual contexts such as at Delphi. No biographical details of the compiler survive. The hymns are preserved through fragmentary inscriptions from Delphi, written predominantly in the Doric dialect consistent with choral lyric tradition.

The collection is represented by several anonymous paeans known from Delphic inscriptions. Notable examples include the Paean of the Athenians to Apollo, sometimes controversially attributed to Philodamus, and the Paean to Apollo and Asclepius by Macedonius. The corpus of classical paeans remains fragmentary, with other examples surviving in the works of poets like Pindar and on papyri.

These hymns are crucial for understanding the performative and communal nature of Greek religion, particularly the worship of Apollo at panhellenic sanctuaries. The inscriptions provide direct evidence for ritual language, poetic meter, and musical notation, illustrating the widespread production of cult song beyond the major canonical lyric poets.