Nicolaus of Myra was a Greek rhetorician and sophist from Lycia, active in the late fifth or sixth century CE. He is known solely as the author of a surviving Progymnasmata, indicating he was a teacher of rhetoric within the educational tradition extending from the Second Sophistic into the Byzantine era. No further biographical details are recorded.

His sole attested work is the Progymnasmata, a textbook of preliminary rhetorical exercises. It systematically covers standard forms including fable, narrative, chreia, encomium, invective, speech-in-character, and description. The manual survives as a complete treatise.

Nicolaus’s Progymnasmata is a key source for understanding the continuity of rhetorical education from Hellenistic through late antique and into Byzantine practice. It follows the tradition of earlier manuals by Theon, Hermogenes, and Aphthonius, providing insight into contemporary pedagogical methods and the enduring stylistic ideals of Atticizing technical prose.