Maximus of Byzantium was an orator active during the Byzantine period. The name Maximus was common, and the epithet "of Byzantium" likely denotes an origin in Constantinople. He remains an obscure figure, indistinguishable from other individuals of the same name within the late antique and Byzantine rhetorical tradition.

He is associated with a single oration, though its title, content, and subject are unrecorded in major reference works. If he was an orator, his work would belong to the extensive corpus of Byzantine rhetoric used for educational, ceremonial, and political purposes. His absence from standard scholarly sources suggests his historical impact was limited or his works have not survived with clear attribution.