Apollodorus of Athens was a Greek scholar of the 2nd century BCE. He studied under the Stoic philosopher Diogenes of Babylon and the grammarian Aristarchus of Samothrace in Alexandria. Following the expulsion of intellectuals from that city in 145 BCE, he moved to Pergamum and later to Athens. His major chronological work was dedicated to Attalus II of Pergamon, confirming his period of greatest activity. He is distinct from the later, pseudonymous author of the mythological Bibliotheca.

His principal works, all surviving only in fragments, include the Chronica, a verse chronicle from the fall of Troy to his own time; Peri theōn, a euhemeristic treatise on the gods in at least 24 books; and On the Catalogue of Ships, a geographical commentary on Homer. Other scholarly commentaries are also attested.

Apollodorus was a significant Alexandrian scholar whose Chronica became a standard historical reference, influencing later chronographers. His methods combined philology with antiquarian research, embodying Hellenistic scholarship and providing a key, if fragmentary, source for chronography and the study of myth.