On Solar Zodiacal TransitsἈπόσπασμα
Aratus of Soli On Solar Zodiacal Transits PDF
On Solar Zodiacal Transits is a short astronomical treatise by the Hellenistic poet Aratus of Soli, composed around 275 BCE. Distinct from his famous longer work, the Phaenomena, this text focuses specifically on the sun’s annual journey through the constellations of the zodiac. It provides a method for calculating the sun’s entry into each zodiacal sign, beginning from a specific date, and for determining which constellations rise and set during the daylight and nighttime hours on any given day. The work presents this technical, calendrical information in a straightforward, instructional prose style. It was written during a period of significant advancement in mathematical astronomy and is thought to have been composed for a literate audience interested in practical celestial knowledge. Modern scholars view it as part of Aratus’s broader project to communicate astronomical data, serving as a focused summary on a specific celestial phenomenon. While its direct influence is overshadowed by the immensely popular Phaenomena, On Solar Zodiacal Transits remains a genuine example of Hellenistic scientific writing.
| 5.4.165.(9t) | Ἐκ τοῦ Ἀράτου. Πότε κατέρχεται καθ’ ἕκαστον μῆνα ὁ Ἥλιος ἀπὸ ζῳδίου εἰς ζῴδιον. Ἰστέον ὅτι καʹ Μ(α)ρ(τίου) δέχεται ὁ Κριὸς τὸν Ἥλιον. καὶ ἐὰν θέλῃς γνῶναι, πότε ἀλλάσσει ἀπὸ ζῳδίου εἰς ζῴδιον ὁ Ἥλιος, ἀπόδος ἑκάστῳ ζῳδίῳ ἀπὸ καʹ Μ(α)ρ(τίου) λʹ ἡμέρας, καὶ εὑρήσεις, ἐν ἑκάστῳ ζῳδίῳ πόσας μοίρας ἔχει ὁ Ἥλιος. Ἐὰν θέλῃς εὑρεῖν, ἐν ποίῳ ζῳδίῳ ἀνατέλλει καὶ πόσα ζῴδια ἀνέρχεται τὴν ἡμέραν καὶ πόσα τὴν νύκτα, ποίησον οὕτως· ἐπὰν εὕρῃς ἐκ τοῦ ὑφειλμοῦ τῶν λʹ, ἐν ποίῳ ζῳδίῳ ἐστὶν ὁ Ἥλιος, ἐπὰν καὶ ἀνατέλλῃ καθ’ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν, ἀπόδος ἓν καὶ βʹ τῷ ζῳδίῳ ἐκείνῳ, γʹ καὶ δʹ τῷ μετ’ ἐκεῖνον, καὶ οὕτω καθ’ ἑξῆς ἕως τοῦ ιβʹ ἀπόδος ἑκάστῳ ζῳδίῳ βʹ ὥρας. οἷον· ἀνατέλλει ὁ Ἥλιος ἐν Διδύμοις, 〈ἀπόδος αʹ καὶ βʹ Διδύμοισ〉, γʹ καὶ δʹ Καρκίνῳ, εʹ καὶ ϛʹ Λέοντι, ζʹ καὶ ηʹ Παρθένῳ, θʹ καὶ ιʹ 〈Ζυγῷ, ιαʹ καὶ ιβʹ Σκορπίῳ· καὶ πάλιν ὥρας αʹ καὶ βʹ νυκτερινὰς Τοξότῃ, γʹ καὶ δʹ Αἰγόκερῳ, εʹ καὶ ϛʹ Ὑδροχόῳ, ζʹ καὶ ηʹ Ἰχθύσι, θʹ καὶ ιʹ〉 Κριῷ, ιαʹ καὶ ιβʹ Ταύρῳ, καὶ ἀνατέλλει 〈ἐν〉 Διδύμοις. |
| 5.4.166 | Εὑρίσκονται δὲ οἱ οἶκοι τῶν ζʹ ἀστέρων οὕτως· οἶκος Ἡλίου Λέων, Σελήνης Καρκίνος καὶ λοιπὸν εὑρήσεις τοὺς λοιποὺς οἴκους κατὰ τάξιν τῆς ἑπταζώνου. οἷον Αἰγόκερως καὶ Ὑδροχόος οἶκοι Κρόνου, Ἰχθύες καὶ Τοξότης Διός, Κριὸς καὶ Σκοπρίος Ἄρεως, Ταῦρος καὶ Ζυγὸς Ἀφροδίτης, Δίδυμοι καὶ Παρθένος Ἑρμοῦ. Δεξιὰ ζῴδιά εἰσιν ϛʹ· 〈Κ〉ριός, Ταῦρος, Δίδυμοι, Καρκίνος, Λέων, Παρθένος. 〈Λ〉αιά ϛʹ· 〈Ἰ〉χθύες, Ὑδροχόος, Αἰγόκερως, Τοξότης, Σκορπίος, Ζυγός. Περὶ τῶν στοιχείων Πῦρ, γῆ, οὐρανός, θάλασσα. Δʹ ἄνεμοι· ἐκ τοῦ πυρὸς λίψ· ἐκ τῆς γῆς βορρᾶς· ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ νότος· ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης εὖρος. Ἐκ τοῦ πυρὸς Κριός, Λέων, Τοξότης· ἐκ τῆς γῆς Ταῦρος, Παρθένος, Αἰγόκερως· ἐκ τοῦ ἀέρος Δίδυμοι, Ζυγός, Ὑδροχόος· ἐκ τοῦ ὕδατος Καρκίνος, Σκοπρίος, Ἰχθύες. |