Severus the Iatrosophist was a medical author of the 5th century CE. The title "iatrosophist" denotes a combination of physician and learned teacher, suggesting a role in medical education, likely within the Alexandrian tradition. His identity remains obscure, distinguished from contemporaries like Severus of Antioch solely by the attribution of a single medical treatise.

His sole surviving work is the anatomical and physiological treatise On the Structure (Catharsis) of the Human Body. Severus is significant for preserving a link in the transmission of anatomical knowledge in late antiquity. His treatise exemplifies the iatrosophistic literature used for medical instruction, providing insight into post-Galenic anatomical teaching and Technical Koine terminology in the Eastern Roman Empire prior to the Islamic Golden Age.