The compiler of the Anonymous Rhetorical Lexicon is entirely unknown. The work dates to the 15th century CE, a late phase of Byzantine scholarship. Its epithet "Cantabrigiense" denotes that the manuscript is held at Cambridge University.

The sole extant work is the Anonymous Rhetorical Lexicon, a prose lexicon of rhetorical terms.

This lexicon represents the enduring Byzantine tradition of scholarly lexicography. Such works were vital educational tools for studying classical Greek rhetoric, preserving technical terminology and references to ancient authors, and acting as repositories of ancient learning in the late medieval Greek world.