Nicocles of Salamis was a 4th-century BCE king of Salamis on Cyprus, succeeding his father Evagoras I around 374/373 BCE. A client ruler under Persian authority, he is known principally through the Athenian orator Isocrates, who addressed two treatises to him presenting Nicocles as a model of virtuous kingship. He continued his father’s philhellenic policies and was assassinated around 353/352 BCE.

He is credited with authoring a History of Cyprus, a lost local history surviving only in fragments. Cited by later authors like Athenaeus, it represents an early example of Greek horography focused on a single region. Nicocles is significant both as a historical figure embodying the blend of Persian political control and Greek cultural influence in Cyprus and as an author. His lost work provided an early non-mainland perspective on Cypriot mythology and antiquities, contributing to the development of regional history writing.