Hedylus of Samos was a Hellenistic epigrammatist active in the 3rd century BCE. He was the son of the poetess Hedyle and grandson of the Athenian poetess Moschine, indicating a literary lineage.

Hedylus is associated with the court of Ptolemy II Philadelphus in Alexandria, where he was a contemporary and rival of Callimachus. His known works consist of approximately eleven epigrams preserved in the Greek Anthology and the writings of Athenaeus. These are primarily sympotic or dedicatory poems. A famous example humorously celebrates the hetaira Callistion's drinking prowess, while another is a dedication to Priapus.

Hedylus represents the early Hellenistic transformation of the epigram from a simple inscription into a refined literary form, particularly for sympotic themes. His familial connection to two generations of poetesses is a notable datum in the history of women’s literary production in antiquity. His work offers insight into the competitive poetic culture of Ptolemaic Alexandria.