Dioscurides was a Greek historian of the 3rd century BCE. No biographical details of his origin or life are preserved, and his existence is attested solely through later citations.

Two lost works are attributed to him. The first is a general history titled Histories or Annals. The second, On the Customs of the Jews, was an ethnographic treatise on Jewish laws.

Dioscurides is a minor but notable figure as one of the earliest Greek authors to write specifically about Jewish customs. His work on the Jews is cited by Josephus in Against Apion as a fair non-Jewish account, placing Dioscurides within the Hellenistic tradition of ethnography.