Carystius of Pergamum was a Greek historian of the 2nd century BCE. His name indicates an origin from Pergamum, a major cultural center under the Attalid dynasty. No specific biographical details survive; his chronology is inferred from the content of his work and the authors who cite him.

He is known exclusively through fragments preserved by later writers. His only known work is the Historical Notes, which is now lost. It survives in fragments quoted by later authors, primarily Athenaeus of Naucratis. These fragments indicate the work was a collection of anecdotes and biographical details concerning philosophers, poets, and other notable figures.

Carystius is a minor figure whose significance lies in his role as a source for later compilers. His fragments, preserved chiefly in Athenaeus’s Deipnosophistae, provide glimpses of otherwise lost information about Hellenistic intellectual figures. He represents the Hellenistic tradition of compiling biographical and doxographical notes that served as material for subsequent ancient scholarship.