Aristophanes of Boeotia was a 4th-century BCE Greek historian, distinguished from the Athenian comic playwright of the same name by his ethnic designation. No specific biographical details are recorded in the sources; his floruit is inferred from the content of his work.

He is credited with writing a Boeotica, a history of the Boeotian region. His fragments are preserved through later authors like Harpocration and Strabo, providing material on Boeotian local history and myths.

He represents Boeotian local historiography. His Boeotica dealt with the antiquities and traditions of his homeland, serving as a source for later historians and geographers. The fragments offer a perspective distinct from the dominant Athenian historical tradition.