Parrhasius of Ephesus was a Greek epigrammatist and elegiac poet of the late fifth or early fourth century BCE. A native of Ephesus, he is known only from a single surviving epigram and a few testimonia. The tenth-century Byzantine encyclopedia, the Suda, records him as the son of Euenor and a pupil of the philosopher Anaxagoras, but erroneously conflates him with the famous contemporary painter of the same name. The Hellenistic poet Callimachus also references him as an elegist.

Only one complete epigram by Parrhasius survives, preserved in the Greek Anthology. This four-line elegiac poem humorously addresses a statue of Hermes. Ancient sources, including the Suda, also attribute to him a collection of elegies and a Paian, all now lost.

Parrhasius represents the early Ionian tradition of elegiac and epigrammatic poetry. His surviving epigram is a notable early example of the literary epigram, displaying a witty, playful style. His recognition by Alexandrian scholars like Callimachus indicates his place in the early Hellenistic canon of lyric and elegiac poets.