Oppian of Anazarbus was a Greek didactic epic poet of the 2nd century CE, a native of Anazarbus in Cilicia. Details of his life derive from a legendary biography and his own work. Tradition holds he presented his poem to the emperors Marcus Aurelius and Commodus in Rome, a story used to date his activity.

He is often conflated with a later poet, Oppian of Corycus, author of the Cynegetica, a confusion recorded in the Suda. His sole surviving work is the Halieutica, a five-book didactic epic in Homeric hexameters on marine life and fishing methods.

Oppian’s significance rests on his contribution to imperial Greek didactic poetry. The Halieutica is a valuable source for ancient marine biology and fishing lore, blending mythology with natural observation. His work exemplifies the sophisticated Greek literary culture sustained under the Roman Empire.